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NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following statements is false about M-LAG deployment?
- A. In multi-level M-LAG networking, you can manually configure the root bridge to prevent STP loops.
- B. M-LAG networking can be classified into single-level M-LAG networking and multi-level M-LAG networking.
- C. Multi-level M-LAG must be configured based on V-STP.
- D. Multi-level M-LAG is mainly used to construct a large Layer 2 network in a DCN or directly connect DCNs at Layer 2.
Answer: C
Explanation:
M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) on Huawei CE series switches enhances high availability and load balancing by making two switches appear as one. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Multi-level M-LAG is mainly used to construct a large Layer 2 network in a DCN or directly connect DCNs at Layer 2: This is true. Multi-level M-LAG extends the topology across multiple layers or data centers, facilitating large Layer 2 domains, a common use case in Huawei DCNs. TRUE.
B . In multi-level M-LAG networking, you can manually configure the root bridge to prevent STP loops: This is true. Manual configuration of the root bridge (e.g., using STP priority) is supported to optimize path selection and prevent loops, especially in complex M-LAG setups. TRUE.
C . Multi-level M-LAG must be configured based on V-STP: This is false. While V-STP can be used to prevent loops, M-LAG does not require V-STP specifically. Standard STP, RSTP, or MSTP can also be configured, depending on the network design. The requirement is loop prevention, not a mandatory V-STP dependency. FALSE.
D . M-LAG networking can be classified into single-level M-LAG networking and multi-level M-LAG networking: This is true. Single-level M-LAG connects two switches directly to devices, while multi-level M-LAG extends across additional layers or devices, a recognized classification in Huawei documentation. TRUE.
Thus, C is the false statement because multi-level M-LAG does not mandate V-STP configuration.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following statements are false about heartbeat link faults in an M-LAG? (Select All that Apply)
- A. The fault that two master devices exist cannot be detected in the case of a peer-link fault.
- B. Services are affected.
- C. An alarm is triggered.
- D. The fault protection mechanism is triggered.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In Huawei's M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation), the heartbeat link (or peer-link) ensures communication between member devices. A fault in this link can impact M-LAG operation. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . The fault that two master devices exist cannot be detected in the case of a peer-link fault: This is false. A peer-link fault can be detected, and mechanisms like dual-master detection (e.g., via Inter-Chassis Communication Link or ICC) can identify if both devices assume master roles, triggering corrective actions. FALSE.
B . An alarm is triggered: This is true. A peer-link fault generates an alarm to notify administrators, as it's a critical failure in M-LAG operation, per Huawei's fault management system. TRUE.
C . The fault protection mechanism is triggered: This is true. Huawei M-LAG includes protection mechanisms (e.g., failover to backup links or shutdown of conflicting interfaces) to mitigate peer-link faults and maintain service continuity. TRUE.
D . Services are affected: This is false. With proper configuration (e.g., redundant links or fast failover), services should not be affected by a peer-link fault, as M-LAG is designed for high availability. Impact depends on redundancy, but the design goal is uninterrupted service. FALSE.
Thus, A and D are false statements because dual-master faults can be detected, and services are not necessarily affected with adequate redundancy.
NEW QUESTION # 28
An enterprise builds a DC and deploys iMaster NCE-Fabric to automatically deliver network configurations. After the engineer manually deploys the underlay network and delivers overlay network configurations through iMaster NCE-Fabric, it is found that tenant hosts cannot access external networks. Which of the following is not a possible cause of this fault?
- A. The engineer did not check whether the service loopback interface needs to be configured on the VXLAN network based on the switch model.
- B. The MAC address of the NVE interface on the VXLAN network is not manually specified.
- C. No return route is configured on the PE.
- D. No firewall security policy is configured when host traffic passes through the firewall.
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric automates overlay network (e.g., VXLAN) configuration, while the underlay network is manually deployed. Tenant hosts failing to access external networks indicate a connectivity issue, likely at the overlay-underlay boundary or security layer. Let's evaluate each option as a possible cause:
A . No return route is configured on the PE: This is a possible cause. The Provider Edge (PE) device (e.g., border leaf or router) must have a return route to the tenant's VXLAN network for external access. Without it, traffic from external networks cannot reach the DC. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
B . The engineer did not check whether the service loopback interface needs to be configured on the VXLAN network based on the switch model: This is a possible cause. Some Huawei switch models (e.g., CE series) require a service loopback interface as the VTEP source IP. If omitted or misconfigured based on the model, external connectivity fails. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
C . No firewall security policy is configured when host traffic passes through the firewall: This is a possible cause. If a firewall is in the path (e.g., between tenant VPC and external network), a missing security policy (e.g., allowing outbound traffic) blocks access. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
D . The MAC address of the NVE interface on the VXLAN network is not manually specified: This is not a possible cause. The Network Virtualization Edge (NVE) interface in VXLAN does not require a manually specified MAC address; it uses the switch's system MAC or auto-generates one. iMaster NCE-Fabric typically handles this automatically, and manual specification is neither required nor a common fault point for external access issues. NOT A POSSIBLE CAUSE.
Thus, D is not a possible cause of the fault.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following technologies are Layer 4 load balancing technologies? (Select All that Apply)
- A. LVS
- B. PPP
- C. HAProxy
- D. Nginx
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
Layer 4 load balancing operates at the transport layer (OSI Layer 4), using TCP/UDP protocols to distribute traffic based on information like IP addresses and port numbers, without inspecting the application-layer content (Layer 7). Let's evaluate each option:
A . Nginx: Nginx is a versatile web server and reverse proxy that supports both Layer 4 and Layer 7 load balancing. In its Layer 4 mode (e.g., with the stream module), it balances TCP/UDP traffic, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. This is widely used in Huawei's CloudFabric DCN solutions for traffic distribution. TRUE.
B . PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol): PPP is a Layer 2 protocol used for establishing direct connections between two nodes, typically in WAN scenarios (e.g., dial-up or VPNs). It does not perform load balancing at Layer 4 or any layer, as it's a point-to-point encapsulation protocol. FALSE.
C . LVS (Linux Virtual Server): LVS is a high-performance, open-source load balancing solution integrated into the Linux kernel. It operates at Layer 4, using techniques like NAT, IP tunneling, or direct routing to distribute TCP/UDP traffic across backend servers. It's a core Layer 4 technology in enterprise DCNs. TRUE.
D . HAProxy: HAProxy is a high-availability load balancer that supports both Layer 4 (TCP mode) and Layer 7 (HTTP mode). In TCP mode, it balances traffic based on Layer 4 attributes, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. It's commonly deployed in Huawei DCN environments. TRUE.
Thus, A (Nginx), C (LVS), and D (HAProxy) are Layer 4 load balancing technologies. PPP is not.
NEW QUESTION # 30
When an SDN controller cluster is deployed in Huawei CloudFabric Solution, which of the following network planes are divided based on carried services? (Select All that Apply)
- A. BGP microservice plane
- B. Internal communication plane
- C. Northbound management plane
- D. Southbound service plane
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric SDN controller cluster separates network planes based on carried services to ensure scalability and security. Let's evaluate each option:
A . BGP microservice plane: This is not a standard plane in Huawei's SDN architecture. BGP is used in the underlay/overlay but not defined as a separate microservice plane for the controller. FALSE.
B . Southbound service plane: This is true. The southbound plane carries configuration and control data to network devices (e.g., via NETCONF, BGP-EVPN), a critical service plane in SDN. TRUE.
C . Northbound management plane: This is true. The northbound plane provides APIs for management applications and orchestration (e.g., OpenStack integration), handling service requests. TRUE.
D . Internal communication plane: This is true. This plane facilitates communication between controller cluster nodes for synchronization and high availability. TRUE.
Thus, B (Southbound service plane), C (Northbound management plane), and D (Internal communication plane) are the network planes divided based on carried services.
NEW QUESTION # 31
How many rollback levels does Huawei's iMaster NCE-Fabric support?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: B
Explanation:
Huawei's iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric data center network solution, providing network management and automation. The rollback feature allows administrators to revert configuration changes to previous states in case of errors. According to Huawei's documentation, iMaster NCE-Fabric supports four rollback levels, enabling the system to store and restore up to four previous configuration versions. This ensures flexibility in undoing changes during network management tasks like upgrades or policy adjustments.
Options Analysis:
A . 3: Incorrect, as it underestimates the supported levels.
B . 4: Correct, aligning with Huawei's specified rollback capability.
C . 2: Incorrect, as it is fewer than the supported levels.
D . 1: Incorrect, as it limits rollback to a single state, which is insufficient for complex management.
Thus, the answer is B (4).
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following statements are true about IP address planning for a DC? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Service addresses refer to the IP addresses of servers, hosts, and gateways.
- B. IP address allocation should be simple and easy to manage, reflect network layers, and simplify network management and network expansion.
- C. IP addresses with a 24-bit mask are recommended for use as interconnection IP addresses.
- D. IP addresses must be contiguous. The routes with contiguous IP addresses can be summarized easily on a hierarchical network.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
IP address planning is critical in Huawei's CloudFabric data center networks to ensure scalability and efficiency. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Service addresses refer to the IP addresses of servers, hosts, and gateways: This is true. Service addresses are assigned to endpoints (servers, hosts) and gateways, distinguishing them from management or interconnection IPs in DC planning. TRUE.
B . IP addresses with a 24-bit mask are recommended for use as interconnection IP addresses: This is false. A 24-bit mask (/24) is typically used for service subnets, while interconnection IPs (e.g., between spine and leaf) often use smaller masks (e.g., /31 or /30) to conserve addresses and align with point-to-point links. FALSE.
C . IP addresses must be contiguous. The routes with contiguous IP addresses can be summarized easily on a hierarchical network: This is false. Contiguity is desirable for summarization but not mandatory; non-contiguous blocks can still be managed with proper routing design (e.g., using BGP). FALSE.
D . IP address allocation should be simple and easy to manage, reflect network layers, and simplify network management and network expansion: This is true. Huawei recommends structured allocation (e.g., by layer or function) to streamline management and support future growth. TRUE.
Thus, A and D are true statements about IP address planning.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which of the following statements are true about common storage types used by enterprises?
- A. FTP servers are typically used for file storage.
- B. Block storage typically applies to remote backup storage.
- C. Object storage devices are typically disk arrays.
- D. Block storage applies to databases that require high I/O.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth
A . FTP servers are typically used for file storage.
This is correct. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) servers are indeed a common way to store and share files. They are widely used for basic file storage and transfer needs.
B . Object storage devices are typically disk arrays.
This is incorrect. Object storage devices are not typically disk arrays in the traditional sense. Object storage is designed for massive amounts of unstructured data. While they use disks for persistence, they present data as objects with metadata, rather than as blocks or files. Object storage solutions often use distributed systems across many servers, not just a single array.
C . Block storage applies to databases that require high I/O.
This is correct. Block storage is ideal for applications that demand high I/O performance, such as databases. Block storage provides raw, unformatted data blocks, giving applications direct control and low latency.
D . Block storage typically applies to remote backup storage.
This is partially true, but not the typical primary use case. While block storage can be used for remote backups, it is generally considered less efficient and more expensive than object storage for this purpose. Object storage is better suited for large, unstructured backup datasets. Block storage is better for applications that need fast read/write speeds, such as databases and virtual machines.
Therefore, the correct answers are A and C.
Reference to Huawei Data Center Network documents:
Huawei storage product documentation detailing block storage (e.g., OceanStor Dorado), file storage, and object storage (e.g., OceanStor Pacific) characteristics and use cases.
Huawei white papers on data center storage architectures, which compare and contrast different storage types.
Huawei HCIP-Storage training materials, which will have very detailed information regarding each of the storage types, and their use cases.
NEW QUESTION # 34
In Huawei CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric uses SNMP to collect alarms and logs of physical devices and vSwitches.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric is the SDN controller responsible for managing physical devices and virtual switches (vSwitches). The method of data collection is critical for network monitoring.
SNMP Usage: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a traditional method for collecting alarms and logs from network devices. However, Huawei's modern SDN controllers, including iMaster NCE-Fabric, primarily use telemetry (e.g., gRPC, NETCONF) for real-time data collection from physical devices and vSwitches. Telemetry provides higher efficiency and granularity compared to SNMP.
CloudFabric Approach: The solution leverages telemetry-based data collection, as documented in FabricInsight and iMaster NCE-Fabric guides, to gather alarms, logs, and performance metrics. SNMP may be supported as a legacy option but is not the primary method in this context.
The statement is FALSE (B) because iMaster NCE-Fabric predominantly uses telemetry, not SNMP, for collecting alarms and logs.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following statements are true about the Easy mode? (Select All that Apply)
- A. On iMaster NCE-Fabric, you need to manually create and configure fabric resource pools, managed devices, device groups, device roles, tenants, and VPCs one by one in the Configuration Wizard menu.
- B. This mode has low networking requirements.
- C. iMaster NCE-Fabric automatically generates configuration script files.
- D. Layer 2 and Layer 3 basic services in a VPC are orchestrated on the Easy page.
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation:
The Easy mode in Huawei's iMaster NCE-Fabric simplifies network deployment for basic VXLAN fabrics. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . This mode has low networking requirements: This is true. Easy mode is designed for simple topologies (e.g., small spine-leaf networks) with minimal configuration complexity. TRUE.
B . iMaster NCE-Fabric automatically generates configuration script files: This is true. Easy mode automates script generation based on user inputs, reducing manual effort. TRUE.
C . On iMaster NCE-Fabric, you need to manually create and configure fabric resource pools, managed devices, device groups, device roles, tenants, and VPCs one by one in the Configuration Wizard menu: This is false. Easy mode automates these tasks, minimizing manual configuration compared to advanced modes. FALSE.
D . Layer 2 and Layer 3 basic services in a VPC are orchestrated on the Easy page: This is true. Easy mode supports automated orchestration of L2 (e.g., BDs) and L3 (e.g., gateways) services within a VPC. TRUE.
Thus, A, B, and D are true statements about Easy mode.
NEW QUESTION # 36
In the CloudFabric Solution, SecoManager and iMaster NCE-Fabric are deployed independently. After SecoManager is installed, it needs to be manually interconnected with iMaster NCE-Fabric.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, SecoManager (Security Manager) and iMaster NCE-Fabric (Network Controller) are components of the SDN ecosystem. SecoManager handles security policy management, while iMaster NCE-Fabric manages network orchestration.
Deployment: These components can be deployed independently but are designed to integrate seamlessly. Huawei's architecture supports automated interconnection after installation, leveraging northbound/southbound APIs or pre-configured integration workflows.
Interconnection: Manual interconnection is not required post-installation; the system automates the process once both are deployed and configured within the same management domain (e.g., via IP addressing and authentication).
The statement is FALSE (B) because interconnection is automated, not manual.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which of the following issues can be identified by the health function of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Switch CPU usage threshold exceeded
- B. Routing loop on the network
- C. OSPF router ID conflict
- D. Switch ARP entry threshold exceeded
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-FabricInsight is Huawei's network assurance and analytics tool, integrated with CloudFabric, that uses telemetry to monitor network health. The health function identifies various issues. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Switch ARP entry threshold exceeded: This is true. FabricInsight monitors ARP table usage and can detect when the threshold is exceeded, indicating potential resource issues. TRUE.
B . OSPF router ID conflict: This is true. FabricInsight can detect OSPF router ID conflicts, which cause routing instability, through health checks on control plane data. TRUE.
C . Switch CPU usage threshold exceeded: This is true. FabricInsight tracks device performance metrics, including CPU usage, and flags thresholds to prevent performance degradation. TRUE.
D . Routing loop on the network: This is true. FabricInsight analyzes traffic patterns and routing tables to identify loops, leveraging telemetry data for network-wide health assessment. TRUE.
All options A, B, C, and D can be identified by the health function of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Which of the following technologies are open-source virtualization technologies? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Xen
- B. FusionSphere
- C. Hyper-V
- D. KVM
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Virtualization technologies enable the creation of virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting hardware resources. Open-source technologies are freely available with accessible source code. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Hyper-V: Hyper-V is a hypervisor developed by Microsoft, integrated into Windows Server and available as a standalone product. It is proprietary, not open-source, as its source code is not publicly available. Not Open-Source.
B . Xen: Xen is an open-source hypervisor maintained by the Xen Project under the Linux Foundation. It supports multiple guest operating systems and is widely used in cloud environments (e.g., Citrix XenServer builds on it). Its source code is freely available. Open-Source.
C . FusionSphere: FusionSphere is Huawei's proprietary virtualization and cloud computing platform, based on OpenStack and other components. While it integrates open-source elements (e.g., KVM), FusionSphere itself is a commercial product, not fully open-source. Not Open-Source.
D . KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine): KVM is an open-source virtualization technology integrated into the Linux kernel. It turns Linux into a Type-1 hypervisor, and its source code is available under the GNU General Public License. It's widely used in Huawei's virtualization solutions. Open-Source.
Thus, B (Xen) and D (KVM) are open-source virtualization technologies.
NEW QUESTION # 39
iMaster NCE-Fabric is Huawei's DC controller. Tenants can use it to create VPCs and deploy logical networks as required. After logical NEs are deployed, the corresponding network configurations are delivered to underlying network devices. Which of the following statements is false about the delivered network configurations?
- A. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices.
- B. An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device.
- C. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices.
- D. A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device.
Answer: A
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-Fabric automates network configuration delivery in Huawei's CloudFabric. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices: This is false. Logical switches in iMaster NCE-Fabric primarily handle Layer 2 communication (e.g., bridging within a VNI), corresponding to Bridge Domains (BDs) and Layer 2 VNIs. Layer 3 communication is managed by gateways, not logical switches. FALSE.
B . An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device: This is true. End ports map to host connections, with encapsulation (VLAN-tagged or untagged) configured on sub-interfaces. TRUE.
C . A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device: This is true. Logical ports represent host connections, mapped to Layer 2 sub-interfaces for VXLAN access. TRUE.
D . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices: This is true. Logical switches facilitate Layer 2 connectivity, aligning with BD and VNI settings. TRUE.
Thus, A is the false statement because logical switches are for Layer 2, not Layer 3, communication.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which of the following statements is false about centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN?
- A. When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them.
- B. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BD and configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT.
- C. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD.
- D. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN in Huawei's data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric) involves a gateway handling Layer 3 routing for VXLAN overlays. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD: A Bridge Domain (BD) is a Layer 2 broadcast domain in VXLAN, and a Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is bound to it to segment traffic. This is a standard step when configuring a VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) to map the overlay network. TRUE.
B . A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3: VXLAN tunnels are established between VTEPs using their IP addresses as endpoints. Layer 3 reachability (e.g., via underlay routing) is required for tunnel establishment. TRUE.
C . When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them: In BGP EVPN, VTEPs establish a BGP peer relationship, exchange routes (e.g., Type 2 for MAC/IP or Type 3 for multicast), and share VNI and VTEP IP details, enabling dynamic tunnel setup. TRUE.
D . When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BD and configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT: An EVPN Instance (EVI) is created within a BD, and a Route Distinguisher (RD) is configured to make routes unique. However, Route Targets (RTs) are also required to control route import/export between EVPN peers, ensuring proper VNI and route distribution. Stating that RT configuration is not needed is incorrect, as RTs are essential for BGP EVPN operation. FALSE.
Thus, D is the false statement because RT configuration is necessary in centralized gateway deployment with BGP EVPN.
NEW QUESTION # 41
To allow access to a VXLAN network, you need to configure service access points on devices. There are two access modes: Layer ? sub-interface and binding. (Enter the acronym in uppercase letters.)
Answer:
Explanation:
3
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network overlay technology that extends Layer 2 networks over a Layer 3 underlay, commonly implemented in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. To enable access to a VXLAN network, service access points (e.g., interfaces or sub-interfaces) must be configured on devices such as switches or routers acting as VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs). The question mentions two access modes: "Layer ? sub-interface" and "binding," with the task to fill in the layer acronym in uppercase letters.
Context Analysis: The missing layer is indicated by a "?" and is part of a sub-interface configuration. In networking, sub-interfaces are typically associated with Layer 3 (e.g., for VLAN tagging or VXLAN integration), where they handle IP routing or mapping to overlay networks.
Access Modes:
Layer 3 Sub-Interface: This mode involves configuring a sub-interface on a Layer 3 device (e.g., a router or Layer 3 switch) to terminate VXLAN tunnels and perform routing. The sub-interface is associated with a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and often uses a Layer 3 protocol (e.g., BGP EVPN) to connect to the VXLAN overlay.
Binding: This likely refers to binding a VNI to a Bridge Domain (BD) or interface, a common practice in Huawei's VXLAN configuration to map the overlay network to a physical or logical port. This can occur at Layer 2 or Layer 3, but the sub-interface context suggests Layer 3 involvement.
The question's structure implies the layer number for the sub-interface mode, which is Layer 3 in VXLAN contexts for routing and gateway functions. Thus, the acronym (digit) to enter is 3.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following statements is false about VXLAN tunnel establishment?
- A. After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down.
- B. For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs.
- C. Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information.
- D. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs.
Answer: C
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key component in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs: This is true. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by the pair of VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This ensures unique tunnel identification. TRUE.
B . After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down: This is true. VXLAN tunnels are unidirectional, and the status of one end does not automatically affect the other unless the underlay network connectivity (e.g., Layer 3 reachability) is lost. The remote VTEP may remain operational if it can still encapsulate/decapsulate traffic. TRUE.
C . For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs: This is true. In a static VXLAN tunnel, administrators must manually configure the VNI and VTEP IP addresses on both ends, as there is no dynamic control plane (e.g., BGP EVPN) to automate the process. TRUE.
D . Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information: This is false. Dynamic VXLAN tunnels rely on BGP EVPN as the control plane, but Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) are specifically used for advertising host IP routes and external network routes, not for general tunnel establishment. Dynamic tunnel setup primarily uses Type 2 (MAC/IP Advertisement) and Type 3 (Multicast) routes to exchange VNI and VTEP information. Type 5 routes are relevant for Layer 3 routing, not the initial tunnel setup. FALSE.
Thus, D is the false statement because dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 2 and Type 3 routes, not Type 5, for initial establishment.
NEW QUESTION # 43
In Huawei CloudFabric Solution, OSPF or BGP can be used on the underlay network of a DC.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the underlay network provides the physical infrastructure for VXLAN overlays. Both OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) are supported routing protocols:
OSPF: Suitable for smaller to medium-sized DCNs, offering fast convergence and simplicity.
BGP: Preferred for large-scale DCNs, providing scalability and multi-tenancy support (e.g., EBGP for inter-AS or iBGP for intra-DC).
Huawei documentation confirms flexibility in choosing OSPF or BGP based on network size and requirements. The statement is TRUE (A).
NEW QUESTION # 44
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